what is a present

what is present tense। what present tense। present tense with examples

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what present tense / what is present tense

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Contents:

Types of Present Tense

The present tense is of four types. Namely,

  • Simple present tense
  • Present continuous tense
  • Present perfect tense
  • Present perfect continuous tense

what is present tense

what is a present simple tense/ Present Tense

what present tense:- The present simple is usually the first tense English students learn. You can use it to talk about yourself and other people –

as well as things that occur habitually in the present.

The present tense is a verb tense that describes a current activity or state of being. However, somewhat unusually, the present tense

can also be used to describe past and future activities.

It uses the base form of the verb (the infinitive without ‘to’) except in the third person singular. 3rd person singular

(he, she, or it– one person or thing) ends in -s.

For example, we say ‘I study‘ or ‘you study, but ‘John studies.’ Sally and Susan study too. The simple present usually

adds -s or -es to the base form. Exceptions:

  • the verb ‘to have,’ (he or she has), &
  • the verb ‘to be,’ (he or she is.)

Present simple tense examples / simple tense example

base form

or

base form

+

“s”
  • play every Tuesday
  • Between two evils, I always pick the one I have never tried before.
  • Before I refuse to take your questions, I have an opening statement. (US President Ronald Reagan)
  • like the word indolence. It makes my laziness seem classy. (Philosopher Bernard Williams)
  • love deadlines. I like the whooshing sound they make as they fly by. (Author Douglas Adams)
  • I go to School
  • He goes to school
  • They play cricket

Present simple tense rules

Positive Sentence:

Subject + main verb + complement

Note: In a sentence, if the subject is a third-person singular number (he, she, it, or a singular noun), then ‘s’, ‘es’, ‘ies’ is added with the

main verb in the sentence. But, if the subject is plural, there will be no addition of ‘s’, ‘es’, or ‘ies’.

Example:

  • I go to the market. (using the root form ‘go’)
  • He goes to the market. (root form of the verb is ‘go’ but ‘he’ is a third person singular number that’s why an extra ‘es’ is added with the verb)

Negative Sentence:

Subject + Do not/Does not + main verb + object

Note: If the subject is ‘he/she/it or a singular noun’ then ‘Does not’ will be used to make it negative. If the subject of a sentence is ‘I/you/we/they’

or a plural noun, then ‘Do not’ will be used to make it negative.

Example:

  • Positive: I eat rice.
    Negative: I do not eat rice.
  • Positive: He goes to school.
    Negative: He does not go to school.

The past tense। past simple tense । past tense examples

Question Sentence:

Do/ Does + Subject + Main verb + Object + Note of interrogation (?)

Note: If the sentence starts with the subject ‘he/she/it or a singular noun’ then ‘Does’ is used to make it Interrogative. If the sentence starts with the

subject ‘I/we/you/they or a plural noun’ then ‘Do’ is used to make it Interrogative.

Example:

  • Positive: He sings a song.
    Interrogative: Does he sing a song?
  • Positive: She likes to talk to you.
    Interrogative: Does she like to talk to you?

Using ‘Be verb’ (am/is/are):

Subject + be verb (am/is/are) + object

Note: ‘am’ is used with the subject ‘I’. ‘is’ is used with the subject ‘he/she/it or the singular form of nouns. ‘are’ is used with the ‘we/you/they or the plural form of nouns.

Example:

  • I am a musician.
  • It is my pen
  • You are a fraud.

Negative sentence:

Subject + am not/is not/are not + object

Example:

  • Positive: I am a good boy.
    Negative: I am not a good boy.
  • Positive: It is her book.
    Negative: It is not her book.
  • Positive: You are my friend.
    Negative: You are not my friend.

Interrogative:

Am/is/are + subject + object + Note of Interrogation (?)

Example:

  • Positive: I am an intelligent boy.
    Interrogative: Am I an intelligent boy?
  • Positive: He is angry.
    Interrogative: Is he angry?

simple present tense example

Positive

  1. The sun sets in the west.
  2. We produce lasers for cosmetic surgery.
  3. They move into their new home next week.
  4. So, I go to Mr. D and say “I deserve a better mark in this class”.
  5. Jones stops in mid-court and passes the ball to Schuster.
  6. I always study hard for exams.
  7. Do you usually speak to him like that?
  8. Ben goes to football practice every Tuesday.
  9. In general, I believe that all people can live in peace.
  10. Do you go to the supermarket every week?

Negative

  1. I don’t like the food they serve at that restaurant.
  2. Jim doesn’t work on Fridays.
  3. My friends don’t usually leave so early.
  4. I do not want to go with you!

Yes/No Questions

  1. Do you surf the Internet every day?
  2. Does your boss give you positive feedback?
  3. Does Jonathan always turn off the lights?
  4. Don’t you ever clean your room?

Wh Questions

  1. When do you want to meet me?
  2. Why does Beth always complain so much?
  3. How much does the ticket cost?
  4. Why don’t you ever go on vacation?

Tag Questions

  1. John likes me, doesn’t he?
  2. All those girls speak French, don’t they?
  3. Keisha doesn’t speak Spanish, does she?
  4. Those boys don’t play sports, do they?

Present Continuous Tense / present continuous

The Present Continuous Tense is made from the present form of the verb ‘be’ and the -ing form of a verb. It is used:

perfect continuous tenses/tenses rules

subject + verb ‘to be’ + base verb + ing (sometimes called the present participle)

  • To describe an action that is happening at the moment of speaking. For example,

The children are playing in the field.

  • To describe an action that is going on during the time of speaking. For example,

       Are you still playing for the same team?

  • She is talking with her friends.
  • Next week, we are visiting our grandparents.
Positive I am writing
Negative I’m not writing
Interrogative Are you writing?
    1. Questions:

present continuous tense sentences / present continuous tense exercises

  1. He is ______ his new business. (start)
  2. She _______ them the value of education. (realize)
  3. Am I ________ you right now? (trouble)
  4. He is _______ the workshop. (open)
  5. She is ________ her limits. (cross)
  6. ____ they ______ from the top of the mountain? (jump)

Answers to Present Continuous Tense

  1. He is starting his new business. (start)
  2. She is realizing the value of education. (realize)
  3. Am I troubling you right now? (trouble)
  4. He is opening the workshop. (open)
  5. She is crossing her limits. (cross)
  6. Are they jumping from the top of the mountain? (jump)

Present Perfect Tense / what is a present perfect tense

The Present Perfect Tense is used in case of repeated actions, in those actions where the time is not important, and in actions that began in the

past but are not finished yet and will probably finish in the present as we speak. We can use the present perfect tense in the following scenarios:

  • For actions or events that began in the past and have continued into the present
  • To show an action that has been completed
  • To indicate a time period that has not yet finished
  • Used with phrases that begin with “This is the first” or “second time” and so on.
  • To describe or express an action that is repeated in the past
  • Used to indicate or describe actions that have been completed in the recent past

uses of present perfect tense / The Structures of Present Perfect Tense 

POSITIVE FORMS (+):

  • Subject ( I, You, We, You, They ) + HAVE + V3 ( third form of main verb – past participle )
  • Subject ( He, She, It ) + HAS + V3 ( third form of main verb – past participle )

Formulating the Present Perfect Tense

To form the present perfect tense, we need to use the simple present tense of the auxiliary verb ‘have’ or ‘has’ based on whether the noun being referred

to is plural or singular. The past participle of the verb follows the auxiliary verb. We can also write as: have/has + past participle. Let us see some examples,

  • We have known each other for a very long time.
  •  There have been many contenders for this role.
  • Has there ever been a war during your lifetime?
  • have just eaten.
  • We have had the same car for 8 years.
  • A repeated action did several times in the past and continues in the present too. For example,

The Present Perfect Tense is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. It is used to describe:

He has visited Spain several times.

  • An action that has been completed in the recent past. For example,

The train has just left the station.

present perfect tense examples

Questions:

  1. He _______ most of the time playing games. (spend)
  2. She _________ a single word yet. (speak)
  3. Where _____ he _______ yesterday? (sit)
  4. I __________ all the terms and conditions of your company. (read)
  5. She _______ already ______ the bill with an extra tip. (pay)
  6. He ______ suddenly from the cafe. (leave)
  7. _____ you ______ that musical voice coming from that direction? (hear)
  8. The grass _______ very long these days. (grow)

sentences with present perfect

Present Perfect Tense with Answers

  1. He has spent most of the time playing games.
  2. She has spoken a single word yet.
  3. Where has he sat yesterday?
  4. have read all the terms and conditions of your company.
  5. She has already paid the bill with an extra tip.
  6. He has left suddenly the cafe.
  7. have you heard that musical voice coming from that direction?
  8. The grass has grown very long these days.

 

what is present perfect tense / present perfect continuous

The Present Perfect Continuous uses two auxiliary verbs together with the main verb.

The present perfect continuous (also called present perfect progressive) is a verb tense that is used to show that an action

started in the past and has continued up to the present moment.

The present perfect continuous usually emphasizes duration or the amount of time that an action has been taking place.

Read on for detailed descriptions, and examples, and present perfect continuous exercises.

Present perfect continuous tense formula

subject + has/have been + base verb + ing (present participle)

The structure of the Present Perfect Continuous tense is:

subject + auxiliary have + auxiliary be + main verb
conjugated in Present Simple past participle
have, has been present participle

A. I haven’t been feeling great lately.

B. Ben has been arriving to work late recently.

Look at these example sentences with the Present Perfect Continuous tense:

subject auxiliary verb auxiliary verb main verb
+ I have been waiting for one hour.
+ You have been talking too much.
It has not been raining.
We have not been playing football.
? Have you been seeing her?
? Have they been doing their homework?

present perfect continuous examples

  • have been reading for 2 hours. (I am still reading now.)
  • We‘ve been studying since 9 o’clock. (We’re still studying now.)
  • How long have you been learning English? (You are still learning now.)
  • We have not been smoking. (And we are not smoking now.)
  • I haven’t been playing tennis.
  • It hasn’t been snowing.

Exercises

  1. We _____________ this nonsense since 2017. (hear)
  2. An athlete ____________ the race because of the wound. (quit)
  3. ____ you ____________ your son for his mistake? (forgive)
  4. ___ the Director ____________ the same actor in his 2nd movie? (cast)
  5. The gold digger machine ___________ in this region for so long. (dig)
  6. She _____________ his father’s hands tightly. (hold)
  7. Amol ____________ the seeds in his farm due to the rain. (not/sow)

Answers

  1. We have been hearing this nonsense since 2017.
  2. An athlete has been quitting the race because of the wound.
  3. have you been forgiving your son for his mistake?
  4. has the Director been casting the same actor in his 2nd movie?
  5. The gold digger machine has been digging in this region for so long.
  6. She has been holding his father’s hands tightly.
  7. Amol has not been sowing the seeds on his farm due to the rain.

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