Preposition কাকে বলে । Preposition কত প্রকার ও কী কী । preposition এর ব্যবহার

Preposition কাকে বলে । Preposition কত প্রকার ও কী কী? Preposition  এর ব্যবহার

♦️ Preposition  :- যে শব্দ Noun বা Pronoun – এর পূর্বে বসিয়ে ওর সহিত বাক্যের অন্য পদের সম্বন্ধ প্রকাশ করে, তাকে Preposition বলে।

Or

আমরা জানি যে, Pre অর্থ পূর্বে position অবস্থান। অর্থাৎ যেসব Word কোনো Noun বা Pronoun এর পূর্বে বসে অন্যন্য শব্দের সাথে একটি সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করে, তখন তাকে Preposition বলা হয়। সুতরাং Preposition হলো সম্পর্কবাচক শব্দ যা অন্যন্য শব্দের সাথে সম্পর্ক তৈরি বা নির্দেশ করতে ব্যবহৃত হয়। 🔹যেমন – Put the book  on  the table.

Types of preposition

Preposition কত প্রকার ও কি কি?

গঠন ও কাজের ভিত্তিতে Preposition কে ৬ ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়েছে; যেমন:

1. Simple Preposition
2. Double
3. Compound
4. Phrase
5. Participle
6. Disguised

(1) Simple Preposition  :- যেসকল Preposition শুধুমাত্র একটি Word দ্বারা গঠিত, তাকে Simple Preposition বলে। 🔹যেমন – at, on, in, to ইত্যাদি ।

যেমন:

• Rahim Swam at the lake.
• I got a prize from a company.
• Meena was sleeping on the floor.
• Sabrina took a rest under a tree.

Simple Preposition গুলি হলো:

At	In	By	of
to	under	with	up
out	over	down	on
for	Against	from	Upon
off	After	till

(2) Double Preposition  :- বাক্যের অর্থ সম্পূর্ন করতে কতকগুলি Preposition  দু’টি করে একত্রে বসে, এই Preposition গুলিকে Double Preposition বলে।

যেমন:

• They ran out of fuel.
• She put the book onto the table.
• I am coming within five minutes.
• I can’t do this project without your help.

Double Preposition গুলি হলো:

upon	Into	Onto	out of	Within	without
next to	up to	off to	off on	throughout

🔹যেমন – The watch is out of order.

(3)  Compound Preposition  :– যেসকল Preposition দুই বা ততোধিক Word দ্বারা গঠিত, তাকে  Compound Preposition বলে।

🔹যেমন – about, around, above ইত্যাদি।

যেমন:

• The kite was flying above.
• Bring along your friend.
• He stood behind the door.
• Was Adhora concerned about the money?

Compound Preposition গুলি হলো:

on+by+up=above	on+by+out=About	no+long=along
by+fore=before	by+hind=behind	by+low=below
in+side=inside	out+side=outside	By+yound=beyond
on+cross=across	by+side=beside	by+tween=between

>> He is  about  to die.

(4)  Detached Preposition  :- যেসকল Preposition বাক্যের প্রথমে না বসিয়ে শেষে বসে, তাকে Detached Preposition বলে।🔹যেমন – What are you talking  about  ?

যেমন:

• A car was parked in front of my house.
• Today’s game was stopped on account of rain.
• I gave the children water instead of soft drinks.
• In spite of the mud and weather, he felt much better.

Phrase Preposition গুলি হলো:

on account of	in front of	instead of
in spite of	by hint of	in course of

(5)  Disguised Preposition  :- যেসকল Preposition বাক্যের মধ্যে ছদ্মবেশে থাকে, তাকে Disguised Preposition বলে।🔹যেমন – Asleep (in-sleep), O’clock (of clock)

কখনো কখনো on এবং of এর পরিবর্তে ‘a’  ‘o’ ব্যবহৃত হয়, তখন এদেরকে Disguised Preposition বলা হয়।

যেমন:

• She went a hunting. (on hunting)
• The morning begins with & o’clock. (of clock)

কিছু গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Preposition এর উদাহরণ:

Along:

• Rahim walked along this road.
• You will find his office just along the corridor.

After:

• After an hour I went home.
• Kamal arrived shortly after 5.
• Shut the door after you.
• Day after day he began to become mad.

Above:

• This year inflation is above 5%.
• We were flying above the clouds.
• I rate him above most other players of his age.

Among:

• I found the letter among his papers.
• She was among the last to leave.
• They divided the money among the children.

Across:

• She walked across the field.
• There is a line across the page.
• Karim hit him across the face.

Against:

• His age is against her.
• The evidence is against her.
• They were rowing against the current.

Around:

• He traveled around the world.
• She puts her arms around him.
• There he is coming around the corner.

At:

• Our office started at 9 am.
• Rubel meets her at the hospital.
• How many people were at the train station?
• The garden is at its most beautiful appearance when flowers bloom.

Before:

• Sakil arrived before me.
• Rayhan has lived since before the war.
• Your name is before mine on the list.

Bellow:

• She dived below the surface of the water.
• A police sergeant is below an inspector.

Between:

• This is just between you and me.
• I sat down between Redoy and Poppy.

During:

• During the holiday, we do not have to study.
• The old road is sometimes closed during winter.

(6)  Participle Preposition  :- যেসকল Present বা Past Participle বাক্যের মধ্যে বসিয়ে Preposition – এর কাজ করে, তাকে Participle Preposition বলে।

🔹যেমন – Considering, Respecting ইত্যাদি।

>> I know nothing  regarding  this.

যেমন:

• Play according to the rules.
• All information regarding the meeting was true.
• The student was taken from one class to another.
• Life is about Accepting the problems and finding the solutions.

Participle Preposition গুলি হলো:

According	Regarding	Taken
Considering	Touching	Granted
following	given	provided
Notwithstanding	barred	Expecting
failing	Barring	pending
including	Past	Accepting

(7)  Phrase Preposition  :- যেসকল Phrase বাক্যের মধ্যে Preposition হিসাবে  ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাকে Phrase Preposition বলে।

🔹যেমন –                                    

(i) He took Sanskrit in lieu of  Urdu.

(ii) He could not attend his duty on account of illness.

(iii) In spite of illness, he went to Jessore.

যেমন:

• A car was parked in front of my house.
• Today’s game was stopped on account of rain.
• I gave the children water instead of soft drinks.
• In spite of the mud and weather, he felt much better.

Phrase Preposition গুলি হলো:

on account of	in front of	instead of
in spite of	by hint of	in course of

এতক্ষন আমাদের সাথে থাকার জন্য ধন্যবাদ!